![]() Read moreĪ performance obligation is considered. Read moreĬash Flows from Investing Activities. Read moreĮPlex instrument sales also comprised. the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for detection and/or diagnosis of. Read moreĬash Flows from Financing Activities. The ePlex ® System is an automated in vitro diagnostic device designed to perform multiplexed nucleic acid tests for the simultaneous detection and identification of nucleic acid targets by processing single-use cartridges. Gross profit increased by $39.3 million, or a gross margin increase of seven percentage points during the year ended December 31, 2020, when compared to the prior year, primarily due to the increase in revenue. Roche will buy GenMark Diagnostics, a U.S.-based maker of molecular diagnostic tests in a 1.8 billion deal, the Swiss pharmaceuticals manufacturer said on Monday. However, the complications resulting from the pandemic could result in unforeseen disruptions to our workforce and supply chain (for example, the inability of a key supplier or transportation supplier to source, transport and supply materials to us that are necessary for continued operations) that could negatively impact our operations. These favorable changes were partially offset by an increase in inventory. Gross profit increased by $9.1 million, or a gross margin increase of five percentage points during the year ended December 31, 2019, when compared to the prior year driven entirely by improvements to ePlex gross margin. GenMark Diagnostics is committed to addressing the need to improve patient care through the design and development of comprehensive multiplex panels. The decrease in sales and marketing expense for the year ended December 31, 2020, when compared to the prior year, was primarily driven by decreases of $1.2 million in evaluation kit expense resulting from the commercial launch of our ePlex BCID Panels during the prior year, $1.2 million in travel expense, $0.3 million in bad debt expense, $0.3 million in depreciation expense, and $0.1 million in marketing expense. Other Inside Genmark Diagnostics, Inc.'s 10-K Annual Report: Engineer I, Mechanical/Biomedical Engineering Carlsbad, California Description At GenMark, our work atmosphere is dynamic, fast-paced. (GenMark), is a molecular diagnostics company focused on developing and commercializing multiplex molecular diagnostic solutions designed to enhance patient. ![]()
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![]() Wheel those vehicles into the parking bays and try to make sure all four tires are parked within the lines that make up the border of the bay. Just open the game you wish to play on our site and start playing instantly. You don't need to download large files to your computer or your laptop to enjoy the fun parking games collected on Kizi. Crashing cars while trying to reach the parking bay will reduce your final score. You’ll have to keep your eyes on the road as you try to park all those cars. Jump around with your car to avoid other vehicles as you try to collect all the stars in the level and reach the parking area. Check out one of our popular and fun to play car parking games, Jump Parking. Have you ever wanted to run a valet car parking service? Play Park a Lot 3 to test your parking skills by taking your customers' cars and parking them in the dedicated parking spot while they go shopping. #Real car parking 2 apk oyun indir club for free#Play different types of online car parking games for free on our site. GameLoop, a global leading free Android emulator to play mobile games on PC. Complete all the objectives of our car games to earn trophies and achievements and unlock new upgrades and skins! Check out all the great parking games our site has on offer for gamers of all ages.ĭifferent online car parking games for everyone In some games, your task isn’t about getting into the crowded parking lot, but getting out of it. #Real car parking 2 apk oyun indir club apk#ndir APK (133.2 MB) ndirme devam ediyor Araba Oyunlar Sürme simülatö Download APK 32 (133. Unity oyun motorunun gcn gsteren mobil oyunlardan biri olan Real Car Parking, detayl. Real Car Parking, Android telefon ve tabletinizde cretsiz olarak oynayabileceiniz son derece kaliteli ve oynamas keyifli bir Trk yapm araba park etme oyunu. 32 tarafndan Car Games Simulator BitTax Eski versiyonlar. Real Car Parking, sabr lmeye ynelik harika bir araba park etme oyunu. Avoid the obstacles as you try to park your vehicle in the parking lot to complete the levels. Elenceli çok oyunculu araba oyunlar 2022. Challenge yourself as you hop into your car and search for your designated parking bay. On this page, you’ll find the best collection of online parking games available on the web. You should try not to cause accidents or damage your vehicle. In these games, you have to drive through a parking lot, a garage, or a street to the parking space. In Parking games, you need to drive your vehicles into the allocated parking space through various obstacles. What are the best Parking Games to play on phones and tablets? What are the most popular Parking Games at Kizi? ![]() ![]() Can I use USPS or FEDEX to send my PCR test kit sample to the lab?.No, we are not currently able to ship Covid-19 testing kits to PO Box addresses.Is Vault able to ship test kits to a PO Box Address?.Please refer to UPS_Days_of_Operation_Schedule-2022.pdf for UPS Holiday Shipping schedule.**WEEKEND SHIPPING NOTICE** All kits ordered from Friday at 3:00pm Eastern Standard Times through Sunday evening will ship on the following Monday.**.Test kits delivered with a Air Shipping option will typically be delivered within 1-2 days (excluding Sundays and holidays).Test kits delivered with a Ground Shipping option will typically be delivered within 2-5 days (excluding Sundays and holidays).There are 2 shipping options available to you, Ground Shipping or Air Shipping.If you believe Vault Medical Services has made an error with your COVID-19 test order, please contact us at and Logistics If Vault Medical Services determines, in its sole discretion, that an error has been made with respect to your COVID-19 test, Vault Medical Services reserves the right to correct the error and revise your order accordingly (which includes charging the correct price) or to cancel the order and refund any amount charged. Vault Medical Services reserves the right to remedy customer issues and concerns on a case by case basis based on the facts and circumstances of each customer. Accordingly, all sales of COVID-19 tests are final. (collectively referred to herein for purposes of this section as “Vault Medical Services”) are not able to accept returns of any COVID-19 tests for resale. Vault Medical Services, P.A., Vault Medical Services of California, P.C., and Vault Medical Services of New Jersey, P.C.It will be your insurance provider’s discretion to reimburse you for your purchase. We will provide you with a receipt for your purchase.Can I be reimbursed from my HSA/FSA for the purchase of this product?.Shipping costs are determined by the number of kits ordered:Ĭontact orders of more than 500, you may be contacted to discuss shipping and logistics options that best fit your needs.** We offer two options for shipping your Covid-19 test kits, UPS Ground and UPS Air.Why are there different prices for shipping?.and the lab fees at cost, and an administrative fee.** **Cost includes the cost of licensed provider services from Vault Medical Services, P.A., Union Square Physician Services, P.C., Vault Medical Services of New Jersey, P.C., and Vault Medical Services of California, P.C. Currently Vault offers a PCR, Acon, Lucira and Quidel Covid-19 tests. Prices vary based on the test purchased, click HERE to be directed back to the ordering page.You may create an account with Shopify or check out as a guest.Do I need an already active Shopify account to order?.The expiration for the purchased test is listed on the device or test packaging.The expiration date is listed on the product in the following format: YYYY/MM/DD.The other test types do not require Zoom supervision. The PCR test will require Zoom supervision.Do I have to take this test via a Zoom video?.Our kid-friendly test supervisors will talk your child through the testing process, and even provide helpful tips to produce more saliva. There is nasal swab involved, and spitting into the vial is easy for kids of all ages to do. And the fact that our PCR test is saliva-based makes it a loved option by families. Yes, children can take both the OTC and PCR tests offered by Vault.It meets the following criteria set by the CDC for at-home testing pre-travel. The Vault PCR test is accepted for international travel and domestic travel to Hawaii and Puerto Rico, where PCR tests are required.Digital results are generally available within 24-48 hours of when your sample scans into the lab. For PCR testing, after you complete the test, mail your sample back using the included overnight shipping label. Our OTC tests will provide you test results within a matter of minutes, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. #Vault health login free#Please feel free to contact us at for any questions you may have. For OTC, non supervised testing, please follow the manufacturer instructions, included in the package.Our supervisor will guide you through the testing process. **Please note, you must register your test kit via, prior to testing.** For PCR testing, log into your Vault account and you will be connected to a Vault test supervisor via a Zoom video call. When you receive your test kit, follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the package. ![]() ![]() Here we will create three row groups (with row group labels continent, country, and subregion) to have a grouping of rows. We can use any of the strategies to reference rows as we did we footnotes (e.g., vectors of names/indices, select helpers, etc.). The inputs are row group names in the label argument, and row references in the rows argument. We can make a new row group with each call of the tab_row_group() function. This can be easily done with a table containing row labels. This divides rows into groups, creating row groups, and results in a display of a row group labels right above the each group. Let’s incorporate row groups into the display table. Let’s add a footnote that references the North America and South America cells in the name column: Here is a simple example on how a footnotes can be added to a table cell. For rows specifically, we can use a conditional statement with column names as variables (e.g., size > 15000). For each of these, we can supply (1) a vector of colnames or rownames, (2) a vector of column/row indices, (3) bare column names wrapped in c() or row labels within c(), or (4) a select helper function ( starts_with(), ends_with(), contains(), matches(), one_of(), and everything()). The cells_body() helper has the two arguments columns and rows. The helper function cells_body() can be used with the location argument to specify which data cells should be the target of the footnote. Footnotes are added with the tab_footnote() function. Wiley.įootnotes live inside the Footer part and their footnote marks are attached to cell data. Source: The World Almanac and Book of Facts, 1975, page 406. We can add this part using the tab_header() function: A Table Header is easy to add so let’s see how the previous table looks with a title and a subtitle. The way that we add parts like the Table Header and footnotes in the Table Footer is to use the tab_*() family of functions. the Table Footer (optional possibly with footnotes and source notes).the Table Body (contains columns and rows of cells).the Column Labels (contains column labels, optionally under spanner column labels).the Stub and the Stub Head (optional contains row labels, optionally within row groups having row group labels and possibly summary labels when a summary is present).the Table Header (optional with a title and possibly a subtitle).The parts (roughly from top to bottom) are: This is the way the main parts of a table (and their subparts) fit together: The next few examples will show all of the other table parts that are available. The previous gt Table demonstrated had only two parts, the Column Labels and the Table Body. These table parts work well together and there the possible variations in arrangement can handle most tabular presentation needs. The gt package makes it relatively easy to add parts so that the resulting gt Table better conveys the information you want to present. ![]() ![]()
Where vpn-de is our /etc/openvpn/nf profile/configuration, if you change the name (for example /etc/openvpn/cyberghost. Thatâs it! We can now enjoy our vpn using the following command. #Cyberghost vpn linux update#Weâll need to do this changes in all the /etc/openvpn/nf per country cyberghost configurations (if we have more than one configuration).Īnd before the certificate tag we add the lines to update the DNS in this same file.Weâve got all the files, now letâs edit our /etc/openvpn/nf to update DNS with our update-resolv script and to get the user.txt credentials. We put it in /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf.sh and make it executable chmod +x /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf.sh. The second file, we get the script to update-resolv (DNS) every time we open/close the VPN connection, you can get it from this gist linked from the ArchWiki. We need two more files, we create an /etc/openvpn/user.txt and we add our Cyberghost credentials (user, password) in different lines, like this. Move the file Cyberghost.opvn to /etc/openvpn and rename it to nf (you can name it whatever you want, I have it this way to switch between countries, vpn- country-code). #Cyberghost vpn linux download#Then you go below and save the configuration, download the Cyberghost.opvn file. We go to the cyberghost website, logged in, My Devices. #Cyberghost vpn linux install#To get the VPN working on Arch, you install OpenVPN. Note: You can just use the Network Manager in GNOME/KDE and others, use this tutorial if you want to configure it via the command line. They have some free proxies if you want to test the service first, but they will probably go much slower. I chose Cyberghost because they are in Europe (Romania), because they donât keep any logs and I like what they stand for. Mit CyberGhost VPN weià niemand nicht einmal wir was du online machst. I use Cyberghost, but you can see in this extense article which one to choose if youâre interested. Even NordVPN doesnât come close to offering better service.Last week I started using a VPN, You can read in this lifehacker article on why you could use one.įor me Itâs more a matter of security and freedom too, the other reasons are secondary. No, youâll be hard-pressed to find any other service that provides this much value for a VPN client. Where can you run this program?Ĭyberghost is available for multiple devices, including Windows, Mac, and Linux computers. The easiest option is to keep the information safe and available should you need it.Īn added advantage of using Cyberghost is that itâs available as extensions for both Chrome and Firefox browsers. #Cyberghost vpn linux password#One limitation is that changing your password may result in the creation of a second account. The only thing you need to do is to ensure that your account information is secure. You install the client, log in and get ready to use it. OpenVPN : cyberghostvpn -country-code US -openvpn -connect Try different server. After purchasing your plan, a download automatically starts, and your account information will be available to you through a variety of mediums. Troubleshooting VPN connection on Linux Change the default protocol. Cyberghost cuts away the hassle youâd typically find from signing up to any other VPN service. Moving on after purchasing couldnât be simpler. Worse, many VPNs record your data and sell it to third parties. You might have confidence in your Linux systemâs safety, but the websites you access often collect your data. Hide your IP address and access restricted content. Connect to our private servers and encrypt your data, making it unreadable. This is great for families and businesses who regularly need a VPN service. Download CyberGhost VPN to protect your data. You get great service with many features at a low price per month, but youâll save even more if you choose to take out an extended subscription. It provides a wide range of payment options. This tricks your computer into thinking that it is in the country where the content can be viewed.Ĭyberghost offers all the features you could ever need from a VPN service. The internet is your oyster, no longer can someone tell you itâs not. No longer will you have to face a blocked video on YouTube or any other site. With Cyberghost, you can browse the internet without restrictions. Simple and straightforward, Cyberghost's functions are easy to use and present no hassle to experts or beginners. ![]() ![]() Behind the skyrocketing bitcoin: only speculation, no trading June 2, 2019.Big households, small scattered food, how can hackers quietly slip your money? June 2, 2019. #Iview 3100stb reviews tvWith its sleek design and easy-to-use features, this TV box is perfect for anyone interested in cutting the cord or simply upgrading their TV experience. In a time where DTV is becoming increasingly popular, the iView 3300STB is an excellent choice for those looking to invest in this technology. Other customers said things like “Great product!” and “This thing rocks! Best investment we ever made … love our new DTV box” which show that this converter really is popular with those who have bought it. However, no one else seems to have experienced these problems so they must not be common. One customer said, “It was easy to set up however it didn’t seem as though it would be able to pick up all my stations since I’m closer to some transmitters than others” while another complained that, although their unit arrived with an instruction booklet, none of the steps in it worked! The customer reviews on Amazon are positive overall, but there were a few niggling points raised. I found 10 customer reviews at the time of writing and they had awarded the iView 3300STB 4 stars out of a possible 5 on average. It can receive over-the-air (OTA) channels and then convert them into digital format for viewing on your TV. The iView 3300STB is a great DTV converter. Reviews & Ratings of iView 3300STB Our Rating: 4.0 Out of 5 Stars The iView also has many other great features, such as a large 3” color touchscreen display, programmable start time and automatic shut off. This means that you can use it in any of those countries without having to take it apart or deal with different voltage. The iView 3300STB is a great all-in-one kitchen appliance that works on USA, Canada and Mexico. #Iview 3100stb reviews portableSupports up to 4TB Portable Hard Drive is ideal for you. So whether you’re preparing a big batch of healthy smoothies or just need an extra-large storage capacity for your photos and videos, the 4. Plus, with its iView 3300STB touchscreen display, you can easily monitor all your blending progress at any time. This powerful blender can easily process even the biggest fruit and vegetable concoctions, making them into perfectly smooth drinks in just seconds. Supports up to 4TB Portable Hard Drive is perfect for you. If you’re looking for a blender that can handle large batches of smoothies, then the 4. The Universal Media Player is an affordable way to get all of the entertainment that you need without spending a fortune. You can also connect this media player to your home Wi-Fi network so that you can stream your movies and TV shows without ever having to plug it into a power source. #Iview 3100stb reviews fullPlus, its iView 3300STB screen is large enough to enjoy your favorite shows in full HD quality. With its sleek design, it’s easy to take this media player anywhere you go. The Universal Media Player is perfect for anyone who loves to watch their favorite movies and TV shows on the go. Plus, it has an impressive number of features for such a low price, including 4 HDMI inputs and 2 USB ports for easy transferring of videos and photos. It features built-in ATSC/NTSC tuners, so you can easily record your favorite shows without having to purchase any additional hardware. The iView 3300STB is a great TV to use as a home recording device. The unit is also expandable up to eight additional tuners so that everyone in the household can enjoy their favorite shows at the same time. Plus, with a built-in digital tuner, you can watch live TV without any cable box or satellite service. You can access all your recordings, including DVR recordings, through the included remote. The ClearQAM Compatible iView 3300STB allows you to watch live and recorded TV right from your compatible HDTV. ✅ Works on USA, Canada and Mexico Check Price 1. ![]() ![]() ‘Those on Whom Allah bestowed His Grace’ are, according to the Qur’an, the Prophets, the truthful, the martyrs and the righteous. There is only one God and all the dwellers of this earth and heaven are in need of Him, subject to His Judgement and Command in this world and the next and so they should worship Him alone. The path of those on Whom You have bestowed Your Grace.’ A straight line is the shortest path between two points.Īll the prophets Allah sent to their people called to the Straight Path of Allah. Everything other than You is in need of You. ‘You alone we worship, and to You alone we turn for help.’ 0 Allah! We worship You alone. He will also punish the wrongdoers with Jahannam (Hellfire). Allah will reward those who have iman and do right actions with Jannah (Paradise). They may escape justice in this world, but they will not escape the punishment they deserve on that day. Besides, it is a warning for the wrongdoers that Allah is well aware of their misdeeds. They always remain hopeful of receiving the reward in the afterlife. They do not deviate from the path of doing well. They suffer untold miseries and injustices in this life and remain steadfast. This gives courage and support to the believers. The belief of accountability in the Aakhirah (Hereafter) is the central part of imaan. On that day, those who do right actions will be rewarded, and those who do wrong actions will be punished. On that day, He alone will be the Master, and no one will be allowed to speak without His permission. His Mercy, knowledge and forgiveness encompass everything in existence! ‘Master of the Day of Judgement.’Īllah is the Master both in this life and on the Day of Judgement. The ‘Most kind, The Most Merciful.’ We live in Allah’s Mercy. The Lord of all the worlds means that He is the Master of every single aspect of Life of this world and the afterlife, of everything seen and unseen.Ī world (aalam) is something other than Allah, and everything other than Allah is completely subject to Him and in need of Him.Įverything other than Allah is His slave and the result of His blessing. We start the day, for example, by saying, Praise be to Allah who brought us to life after causing us to die (sleep is like death), and to Him is the Resurrection.’Īllah alone is the One who deserves to be praised and to whom we should be grateful. The path of those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace not of those who earned Your anger nor of those who have gone astray.You alone we worship and to You alone we turn for help.All praise is due to Allah the Lord of all the worlds.In the name of Allah, the Most Kind the Most Merciful.Siraatal-lazeena an’amta ‘alaihim ghayril-maghdoobi ‘alaihim wa lad-daaalleen. ![]() ![]() are taking, or have taken within the past 14 days, a medicine used to treat depression called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).have glaucoma. Glaucoma is a disease that damages a major nerve in your eye. Notify your doctor if you have vision problems.have been told that you have moderate to severe high blood pressure.are allergic to other stimulant medications such as benzphetamine (Didrex), lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), or methamphetamine (Desoxyn).are allergic to amphetamine/dextroamphetamine or to any of its ingredients. Amphetamine dextroamphetamine er skin#Tell your healthcare provider if you have or your child has any pain, numbness, skin color change, or sensitivity to temperature in the fingers or toes.ĭo not take amphetamine/dextroamphetamine if you fingers or toes may change color from pale, to blue, to red.fingers or toes may feel numb, cool, painful.Circulation problems in fingers and toes (peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s phenomenon). Signs and symptoms may include:.Slowing of growth (height and weight) in children. Your healthcare provider will monitor your child's height and weight when on this medication.Loss of muscle coordination or twitching muscles.Rapid heart rate and high blood pressure.Call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room if you notice any of the following symptoms: Medications that may increase risk may include medications that increase serotonin (e.g., monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Serotonin syndrome. This can may happen when this medication is taken with certain other medicines and may be life-threatening.Seizures. Your healthcare provider will stop treatment with this medication if you or child has a seizure.Tell your doctor if you experience the following symptoms: Hear, see, or feel things that are not there.Experience beliefs that are not based in reality.Psychosis. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have some or all of the following symptoms of psychosis:.Hypertension (increased blood pressure) and increased heart rate.Serious Cardiovascular Events. Inform your doctor if you have any heart problems. Stroke, heart attack, and sudden death have been reported in patients with serious structural heart and rhythm problems.Abuse and dependence. Your healthcare provider should check you or your child for signs of abuse and dependence before and during treatment.Serious side effects have been reported with amphetamine/dextroamphetamine including the following: Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information. This is not a complete list of amphetamine/dextroamphetamine drug interactions. medications that block a protein in the body (CYP2D6) such as quinidine ( Qualaquin), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), amitriptyline (Elavil, Amitril, Amitid), and paroxetine (Paxil).medications that could lead to serotonin syndrome such as citalopram ( Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), desvenlafaxine (Pristiq), nefazodone (Serzone), paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva), sertraline (Zoloft), venlafaxine (Effexor), trimipramine (Surmontil), isocarboxazid (Marplan), amitriptyline (Elavil), nortriptyline (Pamelor, Aventyl), protriptyline (Vivactil), and clomipramine (Anafranil), and linezolid (Zyvox).medications that reduce the acid level in your stomach such as esomeprazole (Nexium), lansoprazole (Prevacid), omeprazole (Prilosec), pantoprazole (Protonix), rabeprazole (Aciphex), cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid), nizatidine ( Axid), ranitidine (Zantac).Monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as tranylcypromine (Parnate), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Zelapar), isocarboxazid (Marplan), and rasagiline (Azilect).Tricyclic antidepressants such as trimipramine (Surmontil), amitriptyline (Elavil), nortriptyline (Pamelor, Aventyl), protriptyline (Vivactil), and clomipramine (Anafranil).Gastrointestinal alkalizing agents such as sodium carbonate and urinary alkalizing agents such as acetazolamide.Urinary acidifying agents such as ammonium chloride and sodium acid phosphate.Acidifying agents such guanethidine, reserpine, glutamic acid HCl, ascorbic acid, and fruit juices.Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. ![]() ![]() All other details surrounding the Sleepytime Bear, however, remain a bit mysterious in the brand icon space. There is also a plush bear available to buy from the Celestial Seasonings shop. What do we know about the Sleepytime Bear? In 1973, artist Beth Underwood was commissioned to draw the character that would illustrate the tea’s packaging. And a community of young men enjoying Sleepytime tea known as the “Sleepytime Bros” have emerged as a new customer segment, according to Tim Collins, General Manager and VP of Marketing at Celestial Seasonings. The caption “me every day at 5:37 PM” accompanied the iconic bear’s image and received over 210k likes. Shortly after Daylight Savings Time in November 2020, the Sleepytime Bear became part a viral meme on the popular My Therapist Says Instagram account. In an uncertain time, people have been able to turn to hobbies and daily routines - like brewing and drinking tea - that provide gentle comfort to the soul.Īmid the COVID-19 pandemic, the Sleepytime Bear himself has experienced a resurgence in popularity. Musician Taylor Swift released an album, Folklore, as the official soundtrack for donning a cardigan, curling up in a blanket, and journaling for hours. The cottagecore aesthetic, a stylized image of a slowed down life, has many pinning cabin hideaways, loaves of bread, and candlelit dinners on their Pinterest boards. Rituals like baking, gardening, and sewing have all garnered renewed interest across generations. In an unprecedented year marked by social distancing to flatten the coronavirus curve, people have sought out the simple pleasures found in being at home. Seated in a cozy chair with a teacup and teapot at his side, the Sleepytime Bear enters a serene slumber that one may only naturally ease into after sipping Celestial Seasonings herbal tea. The roaring fire in the hearth before him warms the room, one scene inside a cottage where other bear family members are settling in for the night. He is a brown bear wearing a long nightshirt and red nightcap. For nearly 50 years, boxes of Celestial Seasonings herbal tea have been adorned with rich illustrations of the Sleepytime Bear. ![]() ![]() La modélisation de la dynamique épidémiologique des ascomycètes parasites des arbres fruitiers présente deux aspects très importants : l’évaluation de la quantité d'inoculum et de son évolution, et l’identification des évènements climatiques donnant lieu à une contamination. Finally, an inversion technique is applied to estimate the overall yield of the entire studied site. The validation and calibration of this methodology is presented, on the basis of two subsets of observations derived from the experimental database. This study is based on the analysis of a rich database, which was acquired over a period of two years (2010–2011, 2012–2013) at the Merguellil site in central Tunisia (North Africa) from more than 60 test fields and 20 optical satellite SPOT/HRV images. The LAI is retrieved from the SAFY model, and calibrated using SPOT/HRV data. Grain yields are then statistically estimated as a function of Leaf Area Index (LAI) during the maximum growth period between 25 March and 5 April. In this paper, a new approach to yield estimation by combining data from the Simple Algorithm for Yield estimation (SAFY) agro-meteorological model with optical SPOT/ High Visible Resolution (HRV) satellite data is proposed. However, monitoring the crop canopy and production capacity of plants, especially for cereals, can be challenging. In semi-arid areas characterized by frequent drought events, there is often a strong need for an operational grain yield forecasting system, to help decision-makers with the planning of annual imports. Thus, the proposed simple light-use-efficiency model can be considered as a useful tool to correctly reproduce DM and GY values. For GY, R2, and RMSE values were respectively 0.71 and 0.44 t/ha for the developed approach and 0.88 and 0.37 t/ha for AquaCrop. Likewise, although of its simplicity, the accuracy of the proposed model seems to be comparable to that of the AquaCrop model. These correspond to a relative RMSE of about 19% for DM and 20% for GY. For the model validation, the obtained results showed a good agreement between the estimated and observed values with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of about 1.07 and 0.57 t/ha for DM and GY, respectively. By contrast, a linear evolution was sufficient to represent the relationship between HI and CGDD. The model calibration allowed the parameterization of εmax in four periods according to the wheat phenological stages. Further, the outputs of the simple model were also evaluated against the AquaCrop model estimates. The calibration and validation of the proposed model were performed based on the observations of wheat dry matter (DM) and grain yield (GY) which were collected on the R3 irrigated district of the Haouz plain (center of Morocco), during three agricultural seasons. The originality of the proposed method consists in (1) the modifying of the expression of the conversion coefficient (εconv) by integrating an appropriate stress threshold (ksconv) for triggering irrigation, (2) the substitution of the product of the two maximum coefficients of interception (εimax) and conversion (εconv_max) by a single parameter εmax, (3) the modeling of εmax as a function of the Cumulative Growing Degree Days (CGDD) since sowing date, and (4) the dynamic expression of the harvest index (HI) as a function of the CGDD and the final harvest index (HI0) depending on the maximum value of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). In this study, a simple model, based on a light-use-efficiency model, was developed in order to estimate growth and yield of the irrigated winter wheat under semi-arid conditions. ![]() |
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